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中的操作见",[516,522,524],{"href":523},"\u002Fzh\u002Ftasks\u002Fset-up-a-pre-order","上线一个预售商品","。",[527,528,530],"h2",{"id":529},"预售缺货订购与限量发售","预售、缺货订购与限量发售",[532,533,534,553],"table",{},[535,536,537],"thead",{},[538,539,540,544,547,550],"tr",{},[541,542,543],"th",{},"形式",[541,545,546],{},"商品状态",[541,548,549],{},"顾客买到的是",[541,551,552],{},"关键承诺",[554,555,556,571,585],"tbody",{},[538,557,558,562,565,568],{},[559,560,561],"td",{},"预售",[559,563,564],{},"未上市、未到货或未生产",[559,566,567],{},"一个未来发货的订单",[559,569,570],{},"预计发货时间、收款时点、取消规则",[538,572,573,576,579,582],{},[559,574,575],{},"缺货订购（backorder）",[559,577,578],{},"已在售，暂时缺货",[559,580,581],{},"补货后发货的订单",[559,583,584],{},"补货预期，无计划时不写日期",[538,586,587,590,593,596],{},[559,588,589],{},"限量发售（drop）",[559,591,592],{},"有现货，数量有限",[559,594,595],{},"现货，售完即止",[559,597,598],{},"开售时间、数量与分配规则",[512,600,601,602,606,607,525],{},"三者的定义与超卖的区别见",[516,603,605],{"href":604},"\u002Fzh\u002Fcommerce\u002Finventory-basics","库存管理基础","。限量发售售罄后转为预售的情形见",[516,608,610],{"href":609},"\u002Fzh\u002Fcommerce\u002Fproduct-launches-drops","新品首发与限量发售",[527,612,613],{"id":613},"三种场景与发货时间的依据",[532,615,616,629],{},[535,617,618],{},[538,619,620,623,626],{},[541,621,622],{},"场景",[541,624,625],{},"发货时间来自",[541,627,628],{},"主要风险",[554,630,631,642,653],{},[538,632,633,636,639],{},[559,634,635],{},"新品预售",[559,637,638],{},"生产排期、首批到货计划、质检与入库时间",[559,640,641],{},"首批量产延误、认证或清关时间超出预期",[538,643,644,647,650],{},[559,645,646],{},"补货预售",[559,648,649],{},"采购单的预计到货日加入库与处理时间",[559,651,652],{},"供应商延期，到货数量少于已售数量",[538,654,655,658,661],{},[559,656,657],{},"定制或按单生产",[559,659,660],{},"每单的生产周期加处理时间",[559,662,663],{},"生产能力在订单集中时跟不上",[512,665,666],{},"不论哪种场景，写在页面上的发货时间都应当是有依据的计划，而不是期望：",[668,669,670,682,688],"ul",{},[671,672,673,677,678,525],"li",{},[674,675,676],"strong",{},"写发货时间，不只写送达时间","：美国邮购规则约束的是「发货」，即交给承运人（16 CFR 435.1(e)）。送达时间还要加上运输时间，二者的区别见",[516,679,681],{"href":680},"\u002Fzh\u002Fcommerce\u002Ffulfillment-delivery","履约与配送",[671,683,684,687],{},[674,685,686],{},"用区间，并留出缓冲","：区间的终点就是你对顾客的承诺，按计划中最晚的合理日期定。",[671,689,690,693],{},[674,691,692],{},"同一来源","：商品页、购物车、确认邮件与客服话术引用同一个日期，变更时一起改。",[527,695,696],{"id":696},"收款时点",[532,698,699,715],{},[535,700,701],{},[538,702,703,706,709,712],{},[541,704,705],{},"方式",[541,707,708],{},"现金流",[541,710,711],{},"对顾客",[541,713,714],{},"需要提前想好的问题",[554,716,717,731,745],{},[538,718,719,722,725,728],{},[559,720,721],{},"下单全款",[559,723,724],{},"最早回款",[559,726,727],{},"门槛最高，等待期最长",[559,729,730],{},"延期与取消时的退款流程和资金占用",[538,732,733,736,739,742],{},[559,734,735],{},"定金加尾款",[559,737,738],{},"部分回款",[559,740,741],{},"门槛较低",[559,743,744],{},"尾款何时扣、扣不到怎么办、定金在取消时怎样处理",[538,746,747,750,753,756],{},[559,748,749],{},"发货时扣款",[559,751,752],{},"无预收",[559,754,755],{},"门槛最低",[559,757,758],{},"下单与扣款之间卡片失效或额度不足；需求信号最弱",[512,760,761],{},"与付款相关的几个事实：",[668,763,764,775,783],{},[671,765,766,769,770,774],{},[674,767,768],{},"授权会过期","：先授权、发货时再捕获的做法受授权有效期限制；站内",[516,771,773],{"href":772},"\u002Fzh\u002Fcommerce\u002Fpayments-chargebacks","交易与支付","记录的 Shopify Payments 信用卡授权期为 7 天，远短于多数预售的等待期。长等待期的预售通常改为保存付款方式、到期再发起扣款。",[671,776,777,780,781,525],{},[674,778,779],{},"后续扣款可能被质疑","：Shopify 的 Managing pre-orders 页写明，顾客的银行可能对后续扣款提出质疑，需要顾客手动确认；顾客没有预期的提前扣款可能导致拒付，提前扣款前要先告知。拒付的机制见",[516,782,773],{"href":772},[671,784,785,788],{},[674,786,787],{},"规则时钟何时开始","：美国邮购规则以「收到完整订单」为起点，即卖家收到全额或部分付款（含授权从已有账户扣款）和订单信息的时刻（16 CFR 435.1(c)）。收取定金就满足了这一条件；只保存付款方式、不扣款的情形是否同样起算，条文与 FTC 指南都没有专门讨论，需要合规确认。",[527,790,791],{"id":791},"延期时",[512,793,794,795,799],{},"预售最常见的问题是延期。处理原则来自美国邮购规则，规则全文见",[516,796,798],{"href":797},"\u002Fzh\u002Fregulations\u002Fus-mail-order-rule","美国 FTC 邮购规则","：",[668,801,802,805,808,811],{},[671,803,804],{},"一旦得知无法在陈述的时间内发货，就在合理时间内、且不晚于原定时间，主动给顾客两个选择：同意延期，或取消并获得及时退款。",[671,806,807],{},"通知要给出有依据的新日期，没有依据时说明无法预测并说明原因；新日期晚于原期限 30 天以内与超过 30 天，顾客沉默的含义不同；再次延期时沉默不视为同意。",[671,809,810],{},"通知要送达顾客，例如发邮件；FTC 指南写明只在订单状态页发布不满足要求。",[671,812,813],{},"规则要求的退款包括已付定金，并且不能用店铺积分或代金券替代。",[512,815,816],{},"在欧盟，Directive 2011\u002F83\u002FEU 第 6(1)(g) 条要求在顾客受合同约束前告知商家承诺交付商品的时间；第 18 条规定，除非双方另有约定交付时间，商家应在合同订立后 30 天内交付，未按约定时间交付的，顾客可以要求在适当的额外期限内交付，仍未交付即可解除合同，交付时间至关重要的情形可以立即解除，解除后商家应不无故拖延地退还全部已付款项。预售页上写明的发货时间就是这里的「约定」。",[527,818,819],{"id":819},"取消与退款",[668,821,822,832,838],{},[671,823,824,827,828,525],{},[674,825,826],{},"发货前取消","：写明顾客在发货前能否随时取消、怎样取消、多久退款。美国规则在延期情形下给予顾客取消权；非延期情形下的主动取消，按店铺政策处理，政策写法见",[516,829,831],{"href":830},"\u002Fzh\u002Fcommerce\u002Freturns-refunds","退货与退款",[671,833,834,837],{},[674,835,836],{},"欧盟撤回权","：Directive 2011\u002F83\u002FEU 第 9 条给予远程合同消费者 14 天无理由撤回权；对买卖合同，期限从顾客或其指定的非承运人第三方取得商品实物占有之日起算。预售订单的撤回期因此从收货开始，而不是从下单开始。",[671,839,840,843],{},[674,841,842],{},"「定金不退」","：这类条款与美国规则的退款要求、欧盟撤回权之间的关系，本文没有找到官方文本的直接说明，需要合规确认后再写入条款。",[527,845,846],{"id":846},"数量上限与超卖",[668,848,849,855,861,867],{},[671,850,851,854],{},[674,852,853],{},"预售数量不超过可兑现的数量","：上限按确认的生产或到货数量，减去质检损耗与售后换货的预留来定，不按乐观的到货预估定。",[671,856,857,860],{},[674,858,859],{},"到货少于已售时","：按下单先后决定谁先发货，对排在后面的订单按延期处理并提供取消选择，不要临时换成别的款式。FTC 指南写明，未经顾客事先明确同意，不得用在款式、颜色、面料等实质方面不同的商品替换。",[671,862,863,866],{},[674,864,865],{},"预售与现货同一购物车","：决定是整单等预售商品一起发，还是现货先发；分开发货会增加运费成本，一起发则拖慢现货。美国规则下部分发货时，退款按未发商品的差额计算。",[671,868,869,872,873,525],{},[674,870,871],{},"库存何时占用","：Shopify 的 Managing pre-orders 页写明，预售库存在销售时或履约时占用，部分预购应用可以选择。占用时点决定了可售量的含义，口径见",[516,874,605],{"href":604},[527,876,877],{"id":877},"页面与沟通",[668,879,880,886,893,900],{},[671,881,882,883,885],{},"购买按钮之前写清预计发货时间、现在付多少与之后付多少、取消方式和延期处理，模块要求见",[516,884,519],{"href":518},"，承载页面见下节。",[671,887,888,889,525],{},"预售与现货的配送时效分开写，见",[516,890,892],{"href":891},"\u002Fzh\u002Fcontent-types\u002Fshipping-delivery-info","配送信息",[671,894,895,896,525],{},"不用倒计时或「仅剩名额」催促预售，除非截止时间与名额是系统执行的真实规则，见 ",[516,897,899],{"href":898},"\u002Fzh\u002Fpresentation\u002Fcountdown-timer","Countdown Timer",[671,901,902],{},"等待期较长时，在生产、到货、发货等节点主动更新顾客，减少「我的订单在哪」类咨询。",[527,904,905],{"id":905},"页面落点",[668,907,908,920,928],{},[671,909,910,914,915,919],{},[516,911,913],{"href":912},"\u002Fzh\u002Fshopify\u002Fproduct\u002Fpreorder-subscription-page","预售与订阅商品页","：预售商品的承载页，条款摘要紧邻购买按钮。状态按该配方「状态与退化」处理：变体切换后发货日期与条款同步更新，变体没有预售计划时隐藏条款并说明，不沿用上一个变体的发货日期；预售名额用完时按",[516,916,918],{"href":917},"\u002Fzh\u002Fmodules\u002Favailability-notification","库存状态与到货通知","的词表显示，不写「有货」。",[671,921,922,923,927],{},"预售结束或失去履约条件时，删除计划与条款模块，页面退回",[516,924,926],{"href":925},"\u002Fzh\u002Fshopify\u002Fproduct\u002Fstandard-product-page","标准商品页","，缺货则改为售罄加到货通知，判据见该配方「什么时候删掉预售页或订阅计划」。",[671,929,930,931,935,936,938],{},"限量发售售罄后转预售的，由",[516,932,934],{"href":933},"\u002Fzh\u002Fshopify\u002Fproduct\u002Fproduct-drop-page","新品首发与限量发售商品页","切换到预售商品页，见",[516,937,610],{"href":609},"的「售罄之后」。",[527,940,941],{"id":941},"观察指标",[512,943,944],{},"以下口径由本库整理，不是官方定义，使用前写明分子、分母与时间窗口：",[668,946,947,953,959],{},[671,948,949,952],{},[674,950,951],{},"按时发货率","：在陈述的发货期限内发出的预售订单数除以同批预售订单数。",[671,954,955,958],{},[674,956,957],{},"预售取消率","：发货前取消的预售订单数除以同批预售订单数，按取消原因（延期、顾客改变主意、扣款失败）分开看。",[671,960,961,964],{},[674,962,963],{},"尾款扣款成功率","：采用定金加尾款或发货时扣款时，首次尝试即扣款成功的订单占应扣订单的比例。",[527,966,967],{"id":967},"待继续完善",[668,969,970,973,976],{},[671,971,972],{},"卡组织对预售与延迟扣款的规则未核验。",[671,974,975],{},"美国各州、欧盟成员国国内规则，以及英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等地的预售规则未核验，需要合规确认。",[671,977,978],{},"缺少经真实预售验证的数量上限设定与延期沟通记录。",{"title":980,"searchDepth":981,"depth":981,"links":982},"",2,[983,984,985,986,987,988,989,990,991,992],{"id":529,"depth":981,"text":530},{"id":613,"depth":981,"text":613},{"id":696,"depth":981,"text":696},{"id":791,"depth":981,"text":791},{"id":819,"depth":981,"text":819},{"id":846,"depth":981,"text":846},{"id":877,"depth":981,"text":877},{"id":905,"depth":981,"text":905},{"id":941,"depth":981,"text":941},{"id":967,"depth":981,"text":967},"dtc",[],"current","说明预售与缺货订购、限量发售的区别，新品、补货与定制三种场景的发货时间依据，全款、定金加尾款与发货时扣款三种收款时点的取舍，延期时怎样通知与退款，取消与撤回规则，以及预售数量上限与超卖的控制，并转述美国 FTC 邮购规则与欧盟消费者权利指令的相关条文。",[998,999],"product-pricing","fulfillment-logistics","partial","md",[],[],true,[],{},[],[],[1010,1011],"us","eu",[38,76,60,55,70,80,129,113,199,139,106],[1014,1015,1016],"owner","operations","support",{"title":502,"description":996},[1019,1020,1021,1022,1023,1024,1025],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ecfr.gov\u002Fcurrent\u002Ftitle-16\u002Fchapter-I\u002Fsubchapter-D\u002Fpart-435","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ftc.gov\u002Fbusiness-guidance\u002Fresources\u002Fbusiness-guide-ftcs-mail-internet-or-telephone-order-merchandise-rule","http:\u002F\u002Fpublications.europa.eu\u002Fresource\u002Fcellar\u002F51fedfcf-7025-11ea-a07e-01aa75ed71a1.0006.02\u002FDOC_1","https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.shopify.com\u002Fen\u002Fmanual\u002Fproducts\u002Fpurchase-options\u002Fpre-orders","https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.shopify.com\u002Fen\u002Fmanual\u002Fproducts\u002Fpurchase-options\u002Fpre-orders\u002Fsetup","https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.shopify.com\u002Fen\u002Fmanual\u002Fproducts\u002Fpurchase-options\u002Fpre-orders\u002Fmanage-pre-orders","https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.shopify.com\u002Fen\u002Fmanual\u002Ffulfillment\u002Fmanaging-orders\u002Fpayments\u002Fdeferred-payments",[1027,1028],"convert","deliver","published","commerce\u002Fpre-orders",[561,1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,1037,1038],"预购","Pre-order","定金","发货承诺","延迟发货","超卖","营销活动",[],[1041],"shopify","2026-10-10",[],"2026-10-10 经 eCFR versioner API 读取 16 CFR Part 435 全文（2026-10-07 时点版本）；读取 FTC 邮购规则商业指南网页（经工具摘要读取）；经欧盟出版局读取 Directive 2011\u002F83\u002FEU 2022-05-28 合并文本 PDF 的第 6(1)(g)、8(2)、9、18 条；读取 Shopify 帮助中心 Pre-orders、Setting up pre-orders、Managing pre-orders、Deferred payments 四页（经工具摘要读取，平台细节放在任务正文）。Shopify Payments 信用卡授权 7 天的说法沿用站内交易与支付正文 2026-09-29 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